- AmlodipineAmlodipine is a long-acting calcium channel blocker taken once a day to lower blood pressure and to prevent the chest pain of angina. It is one of the most widely prescribed blood-pressure medicines in Pakistan and is available as a tablet in several strengths.Drug class: Calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine)1 medicine
- AmoxicillinAmoxicillin is a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used for common bacterial infections of the chest, ear, throat, sinuses, urinary tract, skin and teeth. It comes as capsules, dispersible tablets and a syrup made up with water for children.Drug class: Penicillin antibiotic (aminopenicillin)3 medicines
- Amoxicillin + Clavulanic AcidCo-amoxiclav pairs the antibiotic amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, which protects it from bacteria that would otherwise destroy it. The pair treats infections that plain amoxicillin no longer clears, and is sold as tablets and as a syrup for children.Drug class: Penicillin antibiotic with a beta-lactamase inhibitor4 medicines
- AtorvastatinAtorvastatin is a statin taken once a day to lower cholesterol and to cut the risk of a heart attack or stroke. It is prescribed both to people who already have heart disease and to those whose overall risk is high.Drug class: Statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor)2 medicines
- AzithromycinAzithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that stays in body tissue for days, so a course is usually only three to five days long. It is used for chest, throat, ear, skin and some sexually transmitted infections, and comes as tablets and a syrup.Drug class: Macrolide antibiotic (azalide)3 medicines
- BetahistineBetahistine is a tablet taken two or three times a day to reduce attacks of vertigo, ringing in the ears and hearing loss caused by Meniere's disease and related inner-ear problems.Drug class: Histamine analogue (anti-vertigo medicine)1 medicine
- Betamethasone ValerateBetamethasone valerate is a potent steroid cream, ointment or lotion applied to the skin to calm inflamed, red and itchy patches. It is used in short courses for conditions that milder steroids have not settled.Drug class: Topical corticosteroid (potent)3 medicines
- Betamethasone Valerate + NeomycinThis cream or ointment combines the potent steroid betamethasone valerate with the antibiotic neomycin. It is used for inflamed skin that is also infected, or likely to become infected, with bacteria.Drug class: Topical corticosteroid with an aminoglycoside antibiotic3 medicines
- BisoprololBisoprolol is a once-daily beta blocker that slows the heart and eases its workload. It is used for high blood pressure, angina, some abnormal heart rhythms and, at carefully increased doses, for heart failure.Drug class: Beta blocker (cardioselective)1 medicine
- CephradineCephradine, also spelled cefradine, is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is widely used in Pakistan as capsules and as a syrup for children, mainly for skin, throat, ear and urinary infections.Drug class: Cephalosporin antibiotic (first generation)2 medicines
- CetirizineCetirizine is a once-daily antihistamine for hay fever, allergies and hives. It causes far less drowsiness than older antihistamines, though some people still feel sleepy on it. It comes as tablets, drops and a syrup.Drug class: Antihistamine (second generation, H1 blocker)2 medicines
- CiprofloxacinCiprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for urinary, gut, bone and some chest infections, and as eye and ear drops. Because of rare but lasting side effects it is reserved for infections that other antibiotics cannot treat.Drug class: Fluoroquinolone antibiotic4 medicines
- Diclofenac SodiumDiclofenac sodium is a strong anti-inflammatory painkiller used for joint, muscle and period pain. It comes as tablets, injections, suppositories, gels and eye drops, and is one of the most commonly dispensed painkillers in Pakistan.Drug class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)4 medicines
- Diclofenac Sodium + MisoprostolThis tablet combines the anti-inflammatory painkiller diclofenac with misoprostol, which protects the stomach lining. It is prescribed to people who need an NSAID long term but are at risk of a stomach ulcer.Drug class: NSAID with a prostaglandin analogue for stomach protection1 medicine
- FexofenadineFexofenadine is an antihistamine for hay fever and hives that very rarely causes drowsiness, because almost none of it reaches the brain. It is taken once or twice a day as a tablet or suspension.Drug class: Antihistamine (second generation, H1 blocker)1 medicine
- GlimepirideGlimepiride is a once-daily tablet for type 2 diabetes that prompts the pancreas to release more insulin. It is usually added when metformin and lifestyle changes are not enough on their own.Drug class: Sulfonylurea (oral antidiabetic)2 medicines
- IbuprofenIbuprofen is an everyday anti-inflammatory painkiller that also brings down fever. It is sold as tablets, a syrup for children and a gel for muscles and joints, and is one of the most familiar medicines in any Pakistani household.Drug class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)3 medicines
- Ibuprofen + PseudoephedrineThis tablet pairs the painkiller ibuprofen with pseudoephedrine, a decongestant that clears a blocked nose. It is used for colds, flu and sinus problems where there is both pain and congestion.Drug class: NSAID with a nasal decongestant2 medicines
- Iron PolymaltoseIron polymaltose is an oral iron preparation in which the iron is wrapped in a carbohydrate shell. It treats iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia, and is usually gentler on the stomach than iron salts such as ferrous sulfate.Drug class: Oral iron supplement3 medicines
- Iron Polymaltose + Folic AcidThis preparation combines iron polymaltose with folic acid. It is used mainly in pregnancy and in anaemia where both iron and folate are short, since the body needs both to build healthy red blood cells.Drug class: Oral iron supplement with folic acid (haematinic)1 medicine
- Iron SucroseIron sucrose is an iron preparation given into a vein by a nurse or doctor. It is used when iron tablets cannot be taken, are not absorbed, or cannot raise the blood count fast enough.Drug class: Intravenous iron1 medicine
- LevofloxacinLevofloxacin is a once-daily fluoroquinolone antibiotic used mainly for chest, sinus and urinary infections. Like other quinolones it is kept for infections that other antibiotics cannot treat, because of rare but long-lasting side effects.Drug class: Fluoroquinolone antibiotic2 medicines
- LosartanLosartan is a once-daily tablet for high blood pressure that also protects the kidneys in people with diabetes. It is often used in place of an ACE inhibitor by people who developed a dry cough on one.Drug class: Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)1 medicine
- Losartan + HydrochlorothiazideThis tablet combines losartan with the water tablet hydrochlorothiazide. It is prescribed when losartan alone has not brought blood pressure down to target, putting both medicines into one daily dose.Drug class: Angiotensin II receptor blocker with a thiazide diuretic1 medicine
- MecobalaminMecobalamin, also written methylcobalamin, is an active form of vitamin B12. It is given as tablets or injections for B12 deficiency and for nerve pain and numbness linked to it, such as diabetic neuropathy.Drug class: Vitamin B12 (active form)2 medicines
- MontelukastMontelukast is a tablet taken once a day in the evening to prevent asthma symptoms and to relieve hay fever. It is a preventer, not a reliever, and does nothing for an attack that is already happening.Drug class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist2 medicines
- NaproxenNaproxen is a long-acting anti-inflammatory painkiller taken once or twice a day. Its length of action makes it a common choice for arthritis, gout attacks and painful periods.Drug class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)1 medicine
- OmeprazoleOmeprazole is a capsule or tablet taken before breakfast to cut the amount of acid the stomach makes. It treats heartburn, reflux and ulcers, and protects the stomach of people who must take anti-inflammatory painkillers.Drug class: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)2 medicines
- Omeprazole + Sodium BicarbonateThis sachet or capsule pairs omeprazole with sodium bicarbonate. The bicarbonate neutralises stomach acid for long enough that the omeprazole survives it and is absorbed quickly, so relief starts sooner than with a standard capsule.Drug class: Proton pump inhibitor with an antacid buffer1 medicine
- Oral Rehydration SaltsOral rehydration salts are a measured mix of glucose and salts dissolved in clean water. Drunk in small, frequent sips, they replace the water and minerals lost in diarrhoea and vomiting, and they save lives in a way plain water cannot.Drug class: Oral rehydration therapy2 medicines
- Orphenadrine + ParacetamolThis tablet combines orphenadrine, a muscle relaxant, with paracetamol. It is used for short courses in painful muscle spasm, such as a locked neck or low back strain, where the spasm itself is part of the problem.Drug class: Muscle relaxant with a simple analgesic1 medicine
- PantoprazolePantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor taken once a day for reflux, heartburn and ulcers. It interacts with fewer other medicines than some others in its class, which is why it is often chosen for people on several prescriptions.Drug class: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)1 medicine
- Polymyxin B + BacitracinThis ointment or powder pairs two antibiotics that are applied to the skin rather than swallowed. Between them they cover a wide range of the bacteria that infect minor wounds, and they are used on cuts, grazes and burns.Drug class: Topical antibacterial combination1 medicine
- RifaximinRifaximin is an antibiotic that stays almost entirely inside the gut, so it treats infections and bacterial overgrowth there without spreading through the rest of the body. It is taken as a tablet for short courses.Drug class: Non-absorbed rifamycin antibiotic1 medicine
- Saccharomyces boulardiiSaccharomyces boulardii is a yeast taken as a sachet or capsule to shorten diarrhoea and to reduce the diarrhoea that antibiotics often cause. Unlike bacterial probiotics it is unaffected by antibiotics, so it can be taken during a course.Drug class: Probiotic yeast1 medicine
- SitagliptinSitagliptin is a once-daily tablet for type 2 diabetes that works with the body's own meal-time hormones. It rarely causes low blood sugar on its own and does not usually cause weight gain.Drug class: DPP-4 inhibitor (gliptin)1 medicine
- Sitagliptin + MetforminThis tablet puts sitagliptin and metformin into a single dose. It is prescribed for type 2 diabetes when metformin alone is no longer enough, and it cuts the number of tablets a person has to take.Drug class: DPP-4 inhibitor with a biguanide2 medicines
- SulfasalazineSulfasalazine is a long-term treatment for ulcerative colitis and for rheumatoid arthritis. It works slowly, over weeks to months, to reduce inflammation and keep disease quiet rather than to relieve symptoms on the day.Drug class: Aminosalicylate and disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)1 medicine
- TamsulosinTamsulosin is a once-daily capsule that eases the urinary symptoms of an enlarged prostate. It relaxes the muscle around the bladder outlet so urine flows more freely, usually within days.Drug class: Alpha-1A adrenoceptor blocker1 medicine
- TelmisartanTelmisartan is a once-daily blood pressure tablet with a long duration of action, so its effect carries through the night and into the next morning. It is also used to reduce cardiovascular risk in people who cannot take an ACE inhibitor.Drug class: Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)1 medicine
- Telmisartan + AmlodipineThis tablet combines telmisartan with amlodipine, two blood pressure medicines that work in different ways. It is used when one alone has not reached the target, and it also reduces the ankle swelling that amlodipine can cause on its own.Drug class: Angiotensin II receptor blocker with a calcium channel blocker1 medicine
- Telmisartan + HydrochlorothiazideThis tablet combines telmisartan with the water tablet hydrochlorothiazide, for blood pressure that telmisartan alone has not brought down. Both are taken once a day in a single tablet.Drug class: Angiotensin II receptor blocker with a thiazide diuretic1 medicine
- Tranexamic AcidTranexamic acid reduces heavy bleeding by stopping clots from being broken down too soon. It is taken as tablets for heavy periods and given by injection in surgery, trauma and obstetric bleeding.Drug class: Antifibrinolytic1 medicine
- Trypsin + ChymotrypsinTrypsin and chymotrypsin are protein-digesting enzymes given as coated tablets to reduce swelling and bruising after injury, surgery or dental work. They are widely prescribed in South Asia as an adjunct rather than a main treatment.Drug class: Proteolytic enzyme preparation1 medicine
- Ursodeoxycholic AcidUrsodeoxycholic acid is a naturally occurring bile acid given as capsules or tablets. It improves the flow and composition of bile, and is used for primary biliary cholangitis, for some gallstones, and for the itching of cholestasis in pregnancy.Drug class: Bile acid2 medicines
- Vitamin B1 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin B12This combination of thiamine, pyridoxine and vitamin B12 is given as tablets or injections for nerve-related symptoms and for deficiency of these vitamins. The three are grouped together because all are needed for healthy nerve function.Drug class: Neurotropic B vitamin combination1 medicine
- Vitamin EVitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant taken as capsules for deficiency and as a general supplement. True deficiency is uncommon and usually happens in conditions where fat is poorly absorbed.Drug class: Fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant1 medicine